> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://tfh-docs-audit-world-chain-content-fixes.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# EVM Equivalence

> How World Chain achieves EVM equivalence via OP Stack, plus key parameter differences vs OP Mainnet and Ethereum.

World Chain is EVM-equivalent because it utilizes the [OP Stack](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/getting-started), a modular framework developed by Optimism,
which ensures compatibility with the [Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/). By leveraging the OP Stack,
World Chain can execute smart contracts and interact with decentralized applications designed for Ethereum
without any modifications. This equivalency enables seamless interoperability with Ethereum's ecosystem of applications and protocols.
The OP Stack's modularity also allows World Chain to implement scaling solutions and other customizations while maintaining the fundamental EVM equivalence,
ensuring a flexible yet consistent environment for developers and users alike.

## Differences between World Chain, OP Mainnet and Ethereum

Though the EVM remains unchanged across OP Stack (Superchain) chains compared to the Ethereum layer 1, there are some configurations of the execution clients that
do differ.

<Note type="info">Values below were checked on September 22, 2026 and can change. For current OP Stack parameters, read the latest block's `gasLimit` and decode its `extraData` using the [block header specification](https://specs.optimism.io/protocol/jovian/exec-engine.html). The Superchain Registry records genesis and fork settings, which may differ from the current configuration.</Note>

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th className="p-2 text-left align-middle">Parameter</th>
      <th className="p-2 text-left align-middle">World Chain</th>
      <th className="p-2 text-left align-middle">OP Mainnet</th>
      <th className="p-2 text-left align-middle">Ethereum</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>

  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">Block time in seconds</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">2</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">2</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">12</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">Block gas limit</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">280,000,000</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">40,000,000</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">\~60,000,000</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">Block gas target</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">12,727,272 (280,000,000 / 22, rounded down)</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">20,000,000</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">\~30,000,000</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">EIP-1559 elasticity multiplier</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">22</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">2</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">2</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">EIP-1559 denominator</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">100</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">250</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">8</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">
        Nominal maximum base fee increase (per block)
      </td>

      <td className="p-2 align-middle">\~21%</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">\~0.4%</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">12.5%</td>
    </tr>

    <tr>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">
        Nominal maximum base fee decrease (per block)
      </td>

      <td className="p-2 align-middle">\~1%</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">\~0.4%</td>
      <td className="p-2 align-middle">12.5%</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Fee changes are subject to integer rounding and the configured minimum base fee. World Chain's current minimum is 500,000 wei; the base fee cannot decrease below it.

For more information check out the [OP Stack docs](https://docs.optimism.io/stack/getting-started).